District Camporee

Dutch Oven Cooking

September 20, 2002

 


DUTCH OVEN SEASONING AND CARE

 

Cast iron Dutch ovens, if properly cared for, will last for generations.  Proper care beginning with the day it is purchased will keep the oven looking like new and make for a quick and easy clean up after each use.  A new cast iron Dutch oven must be seasoned before it is used for the first time.

 

A good washing with hot water is all that is needed to remove the factory preservative.  Dry the oven completely.  Use only vegetable oil to season and care for your Dutch oven.  Soak a paper towel in vegetable oil.  Spread the oil all over the inside and the outside of the Dutch oven, including the legs and the inside and outside of the lid.  Place the lid and the Dutch oven inside a kitchen range oven.  Place the Dutch oven upside down on the rack and place aluminum foil on the next rack down to catch any excess oil.  Close the range oven door, then turn the oven on and set the temperature to 350 degrees and let it bake for one hour.  Then turn off the oven, leaving the door closed and allow everything to slowly cool to room temperature.  While the Dutch oven is baking it will create an odor.  It would be best to season your Dutch oven when you can open windows to air out the area.  Your Dutch oven is now seasoned and ready for use.

 

NEVER, REPEAT, NEVER

 

Never pour cold water into a hot Dutch oven.  It will crack the oven. Never use soap to clean your Dutch oven.  Soap will get into the pores of the metal and will taint your next meal.  If soap is accidentally used, the Dutch oven must be completely washed, cleaned and re-seasoned. Never allow a Dutch oven to sit with water in it or on the lid or allow the oven to stand in water.  It will rust even with a good seasoning.

 

CLEANING YOUR DUTCH OVEN

 

A seasoned and properly cared for Dutch oven will be very easy to clean.  Scrape out all remaining food.  A plastic credit card, or ice scraper works well for this.  Then using hot water and paper towels, wash out all remaining food.  Rinse the oven inside and out.  Dry with paper towels.  Clean the lid in the same manner.  Don't forget to rinse the charcoal dust from the top of the lid.  Dry the lid with paper towels.  Soak a paper towel with vegetable oil and wipe the entire oven inside and out.  Wipe both sides of the lid with vegetable oil.  Then using dry paper towels, wipe the oven and lid dry.  Enough oil will remain on the cast iron to maintain the seasoning.  Your Dutch oven will darken with each use and turn into the ultimate non-stick cookware.  When storing your oven, fold one sheet of a paper towel in half and then in half again and place between the lid and the oven.  This will allow air into the oven during storage and prevent moisture from accumulating.

 

STORAGE AND TRANSPORTATION

 

Some cooks place their Dutch ovens in storage and carrying bags while others use the cardboard box the oven came in.  You may wish to make a wooden box to fit your oven.  Whatever you use, treat your oven with care, don't drop it or let it bounce around or it will become damaged.  If given the right care, a Dutch oven will last forever.

 

USEFUL TOOLS

 

There are a few almost essential tools for safe Dutch Oven cooking.

·        A lid lifter, or Dutch oven pliers

·        Small shovel, scoop or tongs for moving coals

·        Charcoal starter tower

·        Tripod or stand to keep your coals off the ground where ground fires are not allowed

·        Kitchen utensils, spatula, serving spoons, can opener

·        Cleaning supplies, pot scraper, nylon scratcher

·        Whisk broom for cleaning the lid

·        Lid holder, small pieces of wood, or an old brick to keep the lid out of the dirt

·        Lots of paper towels

 

 

Selecting Your Dutch Oven

 

DUTCH OVEN SIZE

 

OVEN CAPACITY

 

TYPES OF FOOD

 

# PERSONS SERVED

5"

 

1 PINT

 

ANY

 

1-2

8"

 

2 QUARTS

 

VEGETABLES, DESSERTS

 

2-4

10"

 

4 QUARTS

 

BEANS, ROLLS, COBBLERS; GOOD FOR TESTING RECIPES

 

4-7

12"

 

6 QUARTS

 

MAIN DISHES, SIDE DISHES, ROLLS, DESSERTS

 

12-14

12 DEEP"

 

8 QUARTS

 

TURKEYS, HENS, HAMS, STANDING RIB ROASTS

 

16-20

14"

 

8 QUARTS

 

MAIN DISHES, SIDE DISHES, ROLLS, POTATOES, DESSERTS

 

16-20

14 DEEP"

 

10 QUARTS

 

TURKEYS, HENS, HAMS, STANDING RIB ROASTS

 

22-28

16"

 

12 QUARTS

 

ANY FOR A LARGE GROUP

 

22-28

 

The most popular size is the 12 inch Dutch oven. A 14 is useful for larger crowds, a 10 for small groups and side dishes.

 

 


Temperature Control Chart

 

Heat control is the hardest thing to master when learning to cook with a Dutch oven. Here are a few tips to start you on your way!

 

High quality briquettes are recommended. Briquettes provide a long lasting, even heat source and are easier to use.

It is important to remember that these tips are only a guide to help you get started. You will need to adjust briquettes (coals) according to your recipe and keep in mind that the weather, temperature, and soft ground can effect cooking temperature

·        A strong wind or breeze will raise the temperature

·        High humidity will lower the temperature

·        Direct sunlight will increase the temperature

·        Shade will lower temperature

·        Higher air temperature will raise temperature

·        High altitude will lower temperature

 

Recipes require that you have the correct heat placement:

·        Stews, soups, chili, and other liquid dishes require more heat on the bottom than on the top.

·        Meat, poultry, potatoes, beans, vegetables, and cobblers require even distribution of heat on top and bottom

·        Cakes, breads, biscuits, and cookies require most of the heat on top and little heat on the bottom

Stacking of Dutch ovens is a convenient way of saving space and sharing heat. This is best used for dishes that require even heating.

 

 

 TEMPERATURE CONTROL USING BRIQUETS 

(these numbers are approximate)

Temp.

10 inch

12 inch

14 inch

° F

Top

Bottom

Top

Bottom

Top

Bottom

300

12

5

14

7

15

9

325

13

6

15

7

17

9

350

14

6

16

8

18

10

375

15

6

17

9

19

11

400

16

7

18

9

21

11

425

17

7

19

10

22

12

450

18

8

21

10

23

12

500

20

9

23

11

26

14

 

 

 

 


Italian Bake

 

 

Ingredient

Measure

Ground Beef

1

Pounds

Onion

1

Medium, chopped

Tomato soup

1

15 oz

Vegetable soup

1

15 oz

Water

¾

cup

Bisquik

1 ½

cups

Shortening

3

TBS

Italian seasoning

¼

tsp

Milk

½ - ¾

Cups

 

 

 

 

Brown hamburger and onions in #12 Dutch Oven, add tomato and vegetable soup and bring to boil.

While browning hamburger, mix flour, shortening, Italian seasoning and milk in separate bowl to make biscuit mixture.  Caution: do not over mix.   Once mixture is boiling add biscuit mixture to top, by dropping TBS of the mixture.  Place 14 coals on top and 10 on bottom.  After 15 minutes remove from bottom heat and cook only from the top until biscuits are nicely browned.

 

Quick Macaroni Casserole

 

 

Ingredient

Measure

Ground Beef

1/2

lbs

Onion

¼

or  1/2

Cup

Medium, chopped

Green pepper

¼

 

Margarine

2

TBS

Chicken gumbo soup

1

15 oz can

 

Cream of chicken soup

1

15 oz can

Water

¾ to 1 1/4

 

cup

Salt

1

tsp

Black pepper

1/8

tsp

Macaroni

2

cups

 

Melt butter in #12 Dutch oven, sauté onion and green pepper.  Add Ground beef and brown.  Drain grease, add soup, salt, and pepper.  Gradually stir in water and macroni. Cover and cook 15 minutes or so.  Until macaroni is tender.  If liquid thickens too much, add water a little at a time.  Use most coals on bootom to boil the water and cook the macaroni.  Do not over cook.

 

 

 

 


Taco Bake

 

 

Ingredient

Measure

Ground Beef

1

Pound

Taco seasoning mix

1

Packet

Onion

½

Cup

Tomato sauce

1

15 oz can

Corn

1

15 oz can

Shredded Cheddar Cheese

2

Cups

Bisquick

2

Cups

Milk

1

Cups

eggs

2

 

 

Cook Ground beef and onion until beef is brown in #12 Dutch oven; drain grease.  Stir in taco seasoning mix, tomato sauce and corn.  Sprinkle with cheese.  Stir remaining ingredients until blended, pour over beef mixture.  Bake 25 minutes with 14 coals on top and 10 on bottom.  Bake 10 additional minutes or until light golden brown with only heat on cover.

 

Serve with sour cream, chopped tomato and shredded lettuce of desired.

 

 

The Best Beans

(for 30 people)

 

 

Ingredient

Measure

Ground Beef

3

Pounds

Bacon

1 ½

Pounds

Onion

3

 

Green Pepper

3

 

Ham

1 ½

Pounds

Chili Sauce

36

Ounces

Brown Sugar

2 ¼

Cups

Catsup

2 ¼

Cups

Dijon Mustard

1 ½

Cups

Pork and Beans

6

32 oz. Cans

 

In a 16 inch Dutch oven, fry bacon and drain off excess grease. Remove bacon and set aside. Brown ground beef and drain excess grease. Add bacon, onion and green pepper. Cook until onions are clear. Add the ham, chili sauce, brown sugar, catsup, and mustard. Stir to combine and dissolve sugar. Add beans. Simmer with low heat for at least one hour.

 

 


Wabuha Baked Beans

(for 60 people)

 

 

Ingredient

Measure

 

Canned Pork

2

Pounds

more or less

Randall Beans

4

32 oz Jar

or great northern beans

Kidney Beans

2

16 oz can

 

Chili Beans

2

16 oz can

 

Barbeque Sauce

2

14 oz bottle

any kind

Onion

2

 

 

Pancake Syrup

1

Bottle

 

Salt

 

to taste

 

Pepper

 

to taste

 

 

Chop onion coarsely and brown with some oil. Chop or shred the pork into small pieces. Add the rest of the ingredients in layers. Use salt, pepper, barbeque sauce and pancake syrup to suit your taste. Cook over low heat for 2 hours, or longer if possible.

 

This dish was invented during a Boy Scout training event, using ingredients that were at hand. Feel free to improvise, you may end up with something really good!

 


Apple Spice Cake

 

   1 box spice cake mix

   3 eggs

   1 can apple pie filling

   3 tablespoons sugar

   1 teaspoon cinnamon

 

Mix cake mix, eggs, and apple pie filling. Spread half of the mixture  in a greased 9x13 pan. Combine sugar and cinnamon and sprinkle half of  it over cake mixture. Then spread the other half of cake mixture and top with remaining sugar and cinnamon mixture.

 

Bake at 350 degrees for 30 to 35 minutes.

 

 

Easy Crisp

 

Filling:

     2 cans either apple or cherry pie filling

     1/2 cup chopped nuts

     ( sometimes we use 1 can of each and put one can on each side of the oven )

 

   Topping mixture:

     1 1/2 cups flour

     1/2 cup rolled oats

     1/4 teaspoon salt

     1/2 teaspoon soda

     1/2 cup brown sugar

     1/2 cup white sugar

     12 tablespoons butter

 

 

Pour the two cans pie filling into 12" Dutch oven. In a separate container, cut 12 tablespoons butter into dry ingredients of  topping mixture and sprinkle on top of the pie filling, then sprinkle  on the nuts. Cook with most of the coals on the top of the Dutch oven and a smaller amount on the bottom. Check often.

 

I usually use 24 coals ( 6 on the bottom and 18 on top )

We've made this many times and it has always turned out.

 

 


German Chocolate Cake

 

1 German Chocolate, or other chocolate cake mix

Ingredients for cake mix as directed on box

1 can “German”, caramel pecan frosting

 

Mix batter as directed on box. Pour into a 12 inch Dutch oven and bake according to package directions.

 

Usually a 350 degree oven is 8 coals on the bottom, and 14 on top. You may have to adjust according to outdoor temperature. More coals in the winter, fewer in warm weather.

 

Frost when cake cools. Should serve 12 people, unless camping, then it may only serve 4.

 

 

Memphis Molly

 

Ingredient

Qty

Measure

Crushed pineapple

1

24 oz can

Cherry pie filling

1

24 oz can

Jiffy Yellow Cake Mix

2

 

Butter or margarine

¼

pounds

Brown sugar

¼

cups

Chopped walnuts

½

cups

Miniature marshmallows

1

small bag

 

In a 12 inch Dutch oven combine crushed pineapple and cherry pie filling. Sprinkle 2 Jiffy cake mixes on top of fruit. Dot the cake mix with ¼ stick of butter or margarine. Sprinkle on brown sugar and  walnuts, cover with marshmallows. Bake 40 to 50 minutes with 9 coals on bottom, and 15 on top. Watch carefully so bottom does not burn. You can line the oven with foil to ease cleanup if you wish.

 

Black Forrest Cake

 

Ingredient

Qty

Measure

Devil's Food Cake Mix

1

 

Eggs

3

 

Vegetable Oil

½

Cup

Cherry pie filling

1

Can

Chocolate chips

2

cups

Chopped nuts

1

cup

 

Mix cake mix, oil eggs, and water according to package directions. Pour half the batter into a 12 inch Dutch oven. Spoon cherry pie filling on top, cover with the remaining batter. Sprinkle with chopped nuts. Bake 30 to 25 minutes with 6 coals on bottom, and 14 coals on top.

 


Cherry Cobbler

 

 

Single

Double

 

Ingredient

Qty

Qty

Measure

White Cake Mix

1

2

 

Cherry pie filling

2

4

cans

Butter or margarine

1/4

½

pounds

Cinnamon

½

1

teaspoon

 

 

 

 

Serves

12

24

 

 

Spoon pie filling into a 12 inch Dutch oven. Sprinkle on cake mix dry. Dot with tons of butter. Sprinkle with cinnamon. Bake with 6 coals on bottom and 14 on top for 25 – 35 minutes depending on outside temperature. The butter will melt into the cake mix turning it into a crispy topping.

 

 

Red Lobster Biscuits

 

Ingredient

Qty

Measure

Bisquick

4

cups

Milk

1 ½

cups

Butter or margarine

¼

pounds

Cheddar cheese shredded

1

cups

Garlic powder

½

teaspoon

 

Mix all ingredients until soft dough forms. Beat vigorously 30 seconds. Drop dough by spoonfuls into a heated Dutch oven. Bake 8 to 10 minutes or until golden brown. Mix butter and garlic. Brush butter over warm biscuits before removing from the oven. Bake with a few coals on the bottom, and high top heat.

 

Dutch Oven Doughnuts

 

Cheapie baking powder biscuits in a tube

Sugar and cinnamon to roll doughnuts in.

 

OK, not typical Dutch oven fare, but delicious. Try these camping, but be careful with the hot oil. Pour 1 inch or so of cooking oil into a pot. Heat either on a camp stove, or LOTS or charcoal. If the oil smokes, it is too hot. If the doughnuts take forever to cook, the oil is too cold.

 

Poke a hole in a biscuit and stretch it to doughnut shape. Drop carefully into hot oil. When your doughnut floats to the top, turn it over with tongs. Brown the other side and remove to drain on paper towels. When cool enough to touch, roll or shake in sugar, powdered sugar, or sugar and cinnamon.

 


EQUIVALENTS FOR COOKS

 

1 lb. almonds in shells = 3/4 to 1 cup shelled

1 lb. apples = 3 cups pared and sliced

1 lb. dried apricots = 3 cups

1 lb. bananas = 2 cups mashed

3-4 bananas = 2 cups sliced

3-4 slices bread = 1 cup dry bread crumbs

1 square butter = 1 tablespoon

8 celery branches = 2 3/4 cups diced or chopped

1 lb. grated cheese = 4-5 cups

1 oz square chocolate = 4 tablespoon grated

1 lb. coffee = 40 cups

2 oz. instant coffee = 15-20 cups

1/2 lb. cottage cheese = 1 cup

16 crackers = 1 cup coarse crumbs

8 oz. cream cheese = 1 cup

1 cup, whipping cream = 2 cups whipped cream

1 lb. dates = 2 1/2 cups pitted

8-10 egg whites = 1 cup

12-14 egg yolks = 1 cup

1 lb. figs = 2 2/3 cups chopped

1/8 teaspoon garlic powder = 1 small clove fresh

1/8 teaspoon ginger powder = 1 tablespoon fresh

1/2 to 1/2 teaspoon dry herbs = 1 tablespoon fresh

1 lb. dry kidney beans = 9 cups cooked

1 lemon = 2-3 tablespoons juice + 2 teaspoon rind

1 lb. lima or navy beans dry = 6 cups cooked

1 lb. meat; beef, veal, or lamb = 3 cups minced

13 oz. molasses = 1 cup

1/2 lb. raw & sliced mushrooms = 2 1/2 cups

1 lb. oatmeal uncooked = 8 cups cooked

1 med. size onion = 1/2 cup chopped

1 orange = 6-8 tablespoons juice + 3 teaspoon rind

1 lb. shelled peanuts = 2 1/4 cups

1 lb. fresh peas = 1 cup shelled

1 lb. peas, split & dried = 5 cups cooked

1 lb. potatoes, raw & unpeeled = 2 cups, peeled & mashed

1 lb. prunes, cooked & drained = 2 cups

1 lb. raisins, seedless = 2 1/2 cups

1 lb. rice, uncooked = 6 cups cooked

1 lb. sugar, brown and packed = 2 1/2 cups

1 lb. confectioners sugar = 3 1/2 cups

1 lb. granulated sugar = 2 cups

1 lb. tea = 125 cups

1 lb. tomatoes = 3 medium sized tomatoes

1 lb. shelled walnuts = 3 1/2 cups
THE CHEF'S RECIPE SUBSTITUTION GUIDE

 

1 teaspoon baking powder = 1/3 teaspoon baking soda + 1/2 teaspoon cream of tartar

1 cup bread crumbs = 1/4 cup cracker crumbs

1 cup butter = 1 cup margarine or 7/8 cup cooking oil

1 oz. sq. chocolate, unsweetened = 3 tablespoon cocoa + 1 tablespoon margarine

1 tablespoon corn starch (as thickener) = 2 tablespoon flour

1 cup heavy cream = 3/4 cup milk plus 1/3 cup butter

1 cup light cream = 3/4 cup milk plus 3 tablespoon butter

2 egg yolks = 1 whole egg

1 cup all purpose flour = 1 cup whole wheat flour

1 cup cake flour = 1 cup, less 1 tablespoon all purpose flour

1 teaspoon lemon juice = 1/2 teaspoon vinegar

1 cup whole milk = 1/2 cup evaporated milk plus 1/2 cup water

1 cup sour milk = 1 cup yogurt or buttermilk

1 cup sour cream, in baking = 7/8 cup buttermilk + 3 tablespoon margarine

1 cup sour cream = 1 cup yogurt

1 cup sugar, in baking bread = 1 cup honey plus pinch of baking soda

1 cup sugar, main dishes = 3/4 cup honey

1 cup sugar, in baking = 7/8 cup honey + pinch of baking soda

1 cup brown sugar = 1 cup white sugar + 2 tablespoon molasses

1 cake compressed yeast = 1 pkg. or 2 teaspoon active dry yeast

1/2 cup dry red or white wine = t tablespoon sherry, Madeira or port

1 cup molasses, in baking = 1 cup sugar, omit baking soda, using baking powder

3/4 cup maple syrup, in baking = 1 cup sugar, increase liquid in recipe by 3 tablespoons

1 cup grated coconut = 1 1/3 cup flaked coconut

2 teaspoon tapioca, as thickener = 1 tablespoon flour

1 cup yogurt = 1 cup buttermilk

1 cup zucchini = 1 cup summer squash